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COVID-19 in 2025: From Pandemic to Managed Endemic

Since its emergence in late 2019, COVID-19 has reshaped global public health. By mid-2023, the World Health Organization officially ended its status as a global health emergency, marking a transition toward an endemic stage—comparable to seasonal influenza.

Fast forward to mid-2025: SARS-CoV-2 continues circulating globally, albeit with reduced strain on healthcare systems. According to WHO surveillance, the test positivity rate reached 11% in May, a level reminiscent of the July 2024 peak.

Hospitalizations and ICU admissions, while still occurring, show a gradual decline—WHO reports 8,559 hospitalizations and 247 ICU admissions in 35 countries over a recent 28-day period

New variants continue to evolve. Notably, NB.1.8.1 (“Nimbus”) has increased from 18% to 24% of global sequences by early June, overtaking previous strains, but remains under monitoring . Another emerging subvariant, XFG (“Stratus”), accounts for about 14% of U.S. cases but is not currently seen as a major global threat—vaccines continue to offer protection against severe outcomes.

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In regions like Spain, modest summer surges occurred with case counts doubling, though without overwhelming hospital capacity. Spain has since adapted its vaccination strategy, rolling out tailored campaigns for high-risk groups such as those over 70, immunocompromised individuals, and pregnant people

Meanwhile, in the U.S., the COVID-19 situation remains somewhat politicized: vaccine eligibility has narrowed to those over 65 or high-risk groups, leading to access challenges and internal tensions within the CDC

In conclusion, by 2025 COVID-19 has moved from global emergency to managed endemic. New variants and seasonal fluctuations persist, but robust surveillance, tailored vaccination, and public health strategy continue to keep the virus under control.

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